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|subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Dallas |parts_type = Counties |parts_style = para |parts = |p1 = Dallas |p2 = Collin |p3 = Denton |p4 = Rockwall |p5 = Kaufman |p6 = Tarrant |government_type = Council–Manager |governing_body = Dallas City Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Mike Rawlings (D) |unit_pref = Imperial |area_magnitude = 1 E9 |area_total_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = 999.3 |area_land_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = 881.9 |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = 117.4 |urban_land_sq_mi = 1407.2 |urban_population = 170 |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 1281047 |pop_est_as_of = 2014 |pop_est_footnotes = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2014/files/SUB-EST2014_48.csv )〕 |population_footnotes = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml )〕 |population_total = 1197816 |population_rank = (US: 9th) |population_density_km2 = 1,407 |population_density_sq_mi = 3,645 |population_urban = 5,121,892 (6th) |population_metro = 6,954,330 (4th) |population_CSA = 7,206,144 (7th) |population_blank1_title = Demonym |population_blank1 = Dallasite |timezone = Central |utc_offset = -6 |timezone_DST = Central |utc_offset_DST = -5 |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = 214, 469, 972, 682, 817〔http://www.area-codes.com/search.asp?frmNPA=682&frmNXX=&frmCity=Dallas&frmState=TX&frmZip=&frmCounty=Dallas&frmCompany=&search.x=0&search.y=0〕〔http://www.area-codes.com/search.asp?frmNPA=817&frmNXX=&frmCity=Dallas&frmState=TX&frmZip=&frmCounty=Dallas&frmCompany=&search.x=0&search.y=0〕 |area_code_type = Area code |elevation_ft = 430 |elevation_m = 131 |latd= 32 |latm= 46 |lats= 33 |latNS=N |longd= 96 |longm= 47 |longs= 48 |longEW=W |coordinates_display = y |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = February 2, 1856 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 48-19000〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=United States Census Bureau )〕 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1380944 |blank2_name = ZIP code prefix |blank2_info = 752,753 |website = |footnotes = }} Dallas () is a major city in Texas and is the largest urban center of the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States. The city proper ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Texas Almanac | Texas State Historical Association | Facts, Profile & Rank )〕 The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines. The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties. According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816. The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,281,047, as of 2014.〔 The city is the largest economic center of the 12-county Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area (commonly referred to as DFW), which had a population of 6,954,330 as of July 1, 2014, representing growth in excess of 528,000 people since the 2010 census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX MSA Population )〕 In 2014, the metropolitan economy surpassed Washington, DC to become the fifth largest in the United States, with a 2014 real GDP over $504 billion.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?reqid=70&step=1&isuri=1&acrdn=2#reqid=70&step=10&isuri=1&7003=200&7035=-1&7004=naics&7005=-1&7006=19100&7036=-1&7001=2200&7002=2&7090=70&7007=2014&7093=levels )〕 In 2013, the metropolitan area led the nation with the largest year-over-year increase in employment, and advanced to become the fourth-largest employment center in the nation (behind New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago) with more than three million non-farm jobs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bls.gov/ro6/fax/dfw_ces.htm )〕 As of August, 2015 the metropolitan job count has increased to just under 3.4 million jobs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.tracer2.com/admin/uploadedpublications/1717_dallasmsa.pdf )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.tracer2.com/admin/uploadedpublications/1719_fortworthmsa.pdf )〕 The city's economy is primarily based on banking, commerce, telecommunications, computer technology, energy, healthcare and medical research, and transportation and logistics. The city is home to the third-largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies in the nation.〔Fortune 500: (Cities with 5 or more FORTUNE 500 headquarters ) (2010) – Retrieved on May 18, 2010〕 In the latest rankings released in 2013, Dallas was rated as a "beta plus" world city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group & Network,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 GaWC – The World According to GaWC 2012 )〕 and was 14th in world rankings of GDP by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Located in North Texas, Dallas is the main core of the largest metropolitan area in the South and the largest inland metropolitan area in the United States that lacks any navigable link to the sea.〔: In ascending order from the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex (in terms of metropolitan population): Chicago via Lake Michigan, Los Angeles via the Pacific Ocean, and New York City via the Atlantic Ocean. For attempts to render the Trinity River navigable to the Gulf of Mexico, see TRINITY RIVER NAVIGATION PROJECTS | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State Historical Association (TSHA), http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/ett01 (last visited September 16, 2013); The Trinity River Authority of Texas (TRA), http://www.trinityra.org/ourhistory (last visited September 16, 2013); Living with the Trinity: The Trinity River in Dallas, Fort Worth, North Texas and Beyond (Video Documentary), http://trinityrivertexas.org/video_full.php (last visited September 16, 2013). See also Trinity River (Texas).〕 Dallas and nearby Fort Worth were developed due to the construction of major railroad lines through the area allowing access to cotton, cattle, and later oil in North and East Texas. The construction of the Interstate Highway System reinforced Dallas' prominence as a transportation hub with four major interstate highways converging in the city, and a fifth interstate loop around it. Dallas developed as a strong industrial and financial center, and a major inland port, due to the convergence of major railroad lines, interstate highways, and the construction of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, one of the largest and busiest airports in the world. ==History== (詳細はindigenous cultures, the Caddo people inhabited the Dallas area before Spanish colonists claimed the territory of Texas in the 18th century as a part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Later, France also claimed the area but never established much settlement. In 1819, the Adams-Onís Treaty between the United States and Spain defined the Red River as the northern boundary of New Spain, officially placing the future location of Dallas well within Spanish territory. The area remained under Spanish rule until 1821, when Mexico declared independence from Spain, and the area was considered part of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. In 1836, the Republic of Texas, with majority Anglo-American settlers, gained independence from Mexico to become a distinct nation. In 1839, Warren Angus Ferris surveyed the area around present-day Dallas. John Neely Bryan established a permanent settlement near the Trinity River named Dallas in 1841. The Republic of Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845 and Dallas County was established the following year. Dallas was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1856. With construction of railroads, Dallas became a business and trading center, and was booming by the end of the 19th century. It became an industrial city, attracting workers from Texas, the South and the Midwest. The Praetorian Building of 15 stories, built in 1909, was the first skyscraper west of the Mississippi and the tallest building in Texas for some time. It marked the prominence of Dallas as a city. A racetrack for Thoroughbreds was built and their owners established the Dallas Jockey Club. Trotters raced at a track in Fort Worth, where a similar Drivers Club was based. The rapid expansion of population increased competition for jobs and housing. In 1921, the Mexican president Álvaro Obregón along with the former revolutionary general visited downtown Dallas' Mexican Park in Little Mexico, the small park was located on the corner of Akard and Caruth Street, site of the current Fairmount Hotel. The small neighborhood of Little Mexico was home to the Hispanic population that had come to Dallas due to factors like the American Dream, better living conditions or the Mexican Revolution. On November 22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated on Elm Street while his motorcade passed through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas. The upper two floors of the building from which Lee Harvey Oswald shot Kennedy, the Texas School Book Depository, have been converted into a historical museum covering the former president's life and accomplishments. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dallas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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